Me ka ulu ʻana o ka pilikia o ka ikehu honua, ua manaʻo ʻia nā kaʻa ikehu hou ʻo ia ke ala kūpono loa o ka lawe ʻana i ka wā hou.I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ua hoʻomohala ikaika nā ʻāina a puni ka honua i nā kumu ikehu hou a ʻokoʻa e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pilikia o ka ikehu a pale i ke kaiapuni.

Ma 2021, e hana ʻo Kina i 3.545 miliona mau kaʻa ikehu hou, kahi piʻi o 1.6 mau manawa i kēlā me kēia makahiki, ke kūlana mua ma ka honua no ʻehiku mau makahiki, a e hoʻokuʻu aku i nā kaʻa 310,000, hoʻonui i ka makahiki ma mua o ʻekolu. manawa, ʻoi aku ma mua o ka huina o nā hoʻoili ʻana i ka wā kahiko.

Me ka piʻi wikiwiki ʻana o ke kūʻai ʻana i nā kaʻa ikehu hou i ke kahua honua, ke hoʻolauna pū nei nā pihi mana i nā manawa hoʻomohala maikaʻi, a ua hōʻike nā mākeke kūloko a me ka honua i nā manawa ʻoihana nui.I ka makahiki 2021, ʻo 219.7GWh ka mana o ka pāhana mana o Kina, he 163.4% ka nui o ka makahiki, a e hōʻike pū ka nui o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ulu wikiwiki.

Nā rula a me nā hoʻoponopono o nā ʻāina pili i ka lawe ʻana a me ka hoʻopuka kaʻa hou

Palapala hōʻoia US DOT a me ka palapala EPA
ʻO ke komo ʻana i ka mākeke US pono e hele i ka palapala hōʻoia palekana DOT o ka US Department of Transportation.ʻAʻole i hoʻomalu ʻia kēia palapala hōʻoia e nā keʻena aupuni, akā ua hoʻāʻo ʻia e nā mea hana ponoʻī, a laila hoʻoholo nā mea hana inā hoʻokō lākou i nā kūlana hana.ʻO ke keʻena kaʻa kaʻa US wale nō ka mana i ka hōʻoia ʻana o kekahi mau ʻāpana e like me nā pale makani a me nā kaila;no nā mea ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka US Na ke keʻena kaʻa kaʻa e hana i nā nānā maʻamau i kēlā me kēia manawa, a e hoʻopaʻi i nā ʻano hoʻopunipuni.

EU e-mark palapala hōʻoia
Pono nā kaʻa i lawe ʻia aku i ka EU e loaʻa i ka palapala hōʻailona e-mark no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka palapala hōʻoia ma ka mākeke.Ma muli o nā kuhikuhi EU, ua hana ʻia nā nānā a puni ka ʻae ʻana o nā ʻāpana a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana o EEC / EC Directive (EU Directives) i nā ʻōnaehana kaʻa e hoʻoholo ai inā kūpono nā huahana a ʻaʻole paha.Ma hope o ka hala ʻana i ka nānā ʻana Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻohana i ka palapala e-mark e komo i ka mākeke kūloko o EU

ʻO Nigeria SONCAP palapala hōʻoia
ʻO ka palapala SONCAP he palapala e pono ai no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kuʻuna o nā huahana i mālama ʻia ma Nigerian Customs (ʻo nā ʻāpana ʻāpana no nā kaʻa kaʻa e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā huahana hōʻoia koi SONCAP).

Palapala hōʻoia SABER Saudi Arabia
ʻO SABER ka palapala hōʻoia he ʻōnaehana hōʻoia pūnaewele no ka papahana palekana huahana Saudi i hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma Ianuali 1, 2019 ma hope o ka Saudi Arabian Standards Organization i hoʻolauna i ka polokalamu palekana huahana Saudi SALEEM.He papahana loiloi hōʻoia conformity no nā huahana Saudi i lawe ʻia aku.

ʻO nā koi no ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā pihi mana kaʻa kaʻa hou
Wahi a ka "United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods" Model Regulations (TDG), "International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code" (IMDG) a me "International Air Transport Association-Dangerous Goods Code" (IATA-DGR) a me nā lula honua ʻē aʻe. , ʻO nā ʻeke uila Ua māhele ʻia i ʻelua mau ʻāpana: UN3480 (ka pā uila lithium i lawe ʻokoʻa ʻia) a me UN3171 (kaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana uila).No ka papa 9 mau waiwai weliweli a pono e hele i ka hōʻike UN38.3 i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana.